the transfer of a competitor directly to the next round of a competition in the absence of an assigned opponent

he has a bye into the second round

a run scored from a ball that passes the batter without being hit (recorded as an extra, not credited to the individual batter)

one or more holes remaining unplayed after a match has been decided

identifying the agent performing an action

indicating the means of achieving something

malaria can be controlled by attacking the parasite

they substantiate their opinions by the use of precise textual reference

they plan to provide further working capital by means of borrowing

indicating the amount or size of a margin

the shot missed her by miles

the raising of VAT by 2.5%

indicating a deadline or the end of a particular time period

I've got to do this report by Monday

by now Kelly needed extensive physiotherapy

indicating location of a physical object beside a place or object

remains were discovered by the roadside

the pram was by the dresser

indicating the period in which something happens

this animal always hunts by night

concerning; according to

anything you do is all right by me

she had done her duty by him

used in mild oaths

it was the least he could do, by God

I swear by Almighty God

so as to go past

a car flashed by on the other side of the road

he let only a moment go by